48 research outputs found
Gr\"uneisen parameters for Lieb-Liniger and Yang-Gaudin models
Using the Bethe ansatz solution, we analytically study expansionary, magnetic
and interacting Gr\"uneisen parameters (GPs) for one-dimensional (1D)
Lieb-Liniger and Yang-Gaudin models. These different GPs elegantly quantify the
dependences of characteristic energy scales of these quantum gases on the
volume, the magnetic field and the interaction strength, revealing the caloric
effects resulted from the variations of these potentials. The obtained GPs
further confirm an identity which is incurred by the symmetry of the thermal
potential. We also present universal scaling behavior of these GPs in the
vicinities of the quantum critical points driven by different potentials. The
divergence of the GPs not only provides an experimental identification of
non-Fermi liquid nature at quantum criticality but also elegantly determine low
temperature phases of the quantum gases. Moreover, the pairing and depairing
features in the 1D attractive Fermi gases can be captured by the magnetic and
interacting GPs, facilitating experimental observation of quantum phase
transitions. Our results open to further study the interaction- and
magnetic-field-driven quantum refrigeration and quantum heat engine in quantum
gases of ultracold atoms.Comment: 6 figures, 13 page
RAWIW: RAW Image Watermarking Robust to ISP Pipeline
Invisible image watermarking is essential for image copyright protection.
Compared to RGB images, RAW format images use a higher dynamic range to capture
the radiometric characteristics of the camera sensor, providing greater
flexibility in post-processing and retouching. Similar to the master recording
in the music industry, RAW images are considered the original format for
distribution and image production, thus requiring copyright protection.
Existing watermarking methods typically target RGB images, leaving a gap for
RAW images. To address this issue, we propose the first deep learning-based RAW
Image Watermarking (RAWIW) framework for copyright protection. Unlike RGB image
watermarking, our method achieves cross-domain copyright protection. We
directly embed copyright information into RAW images, which can be later
extracted from the corresponding RGB images generated by different
post-processing methods. To achieve end-to-end training of the framework, we
integrate a neural network that simulates the ISP pipeline to handle the
RAW-to-RGB conversion process. To further validate the generalization of our
framework to traditional ISP pipelines and its robustness to transmission
distortion, we adopt a distortion network. This network simulates various types
of noises introduced during the traditional ISP pipeline and transmission.
Furthermore, we employ a three-stage training strategy to strike a balance
between robustness and concealment of watermarking. Our extensive experiments
demonstrate that RAWIW successfully achieves cross-domain copyright protection
for RAW images while maintaining their visual quality and robustness to ISP
pipeline distortions
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to the Middle Frontal Gyrus During Attention Modes Induced Dynamic Module Reconfiguration in Brain Networks
The interaction between dorsal and ventral attention networks (VANs) is mediated by the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), which is functionally connected to both networks. However, the direct role of the MFG in selective and sustained attention remains controversial. In the current study, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) to probe the connectivity dynamic changes of MFG-associated regions during different attention modes. The participants underwent visual, selective, and sustained attention tasks to observe TMS-induced network changes. Twenty healthy participants received single-pulse TMS over the left or right MFG during tasks, while synchronous EEG data was acquired. Behavioral results were recorded and time-varying brain network analyses were performed. We found that the MFG is involved in attention processing and that sustained attention was preferentially controlled by the right MFG. Moreover, compared with the right hemisphere, the left hemisphere was associated with selective attention tasks. Visual and selective attention tasks induced MFG-related changes in network nodes were within the left hemisphere; however, sustained attention induced changes in network nodes were in the bilateral posterior MFG. Our findings indicated that the MFG plays a crucial role in regulating attention networks. In particular, TMS-induced MFG alterations influenced key nodes of the time-varying brain network, leading to the reorganization of brain network modules
Quinidine Therapy for Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome With KCNT1 Mutation. A Case Report and Literature Review
Mutations in the Potassium channel subfamily T member 1 (KCNT1) gene have been reported in a range of epileptic encephalopathies. Here we report the case of a 12-year-old male suffering from multiple types of epileptic seizures and cognitive decline from the age of 10. The patient had four types of epileptic seizures, including tonic seizures, atypical absence seizures, myoclonic seizures, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The electroencephalogram showed generalized slow spike-and-slow-waves, mutiple-spike-and-slow-waves, as well as short-term fast rhythms bursts. Thus, he was diagnosed with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The patient had failed to control seizures after using five first-line antiepileptic drugs. Whole exome sequencing revealed a missense KCNT1 mutation (c.625 C>T). Previous studies revealed that quinidine could block the KCNT1 channel. Therefore, we assumed that quinidine might be effective for him. Add-on treatment with quinidine was started when the patient was 12 years old. After an 8-month treatment, the frequency of seizures and epileptiform discharges were significantly reduced. In conclusion, quinidine therapy may offer a new choice for the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with KCNT1 mutations
Recent Developments in Tandem White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Tandem white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are promising for the lighting and displays field since their current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and lifetime can be strikingly enhanced compared with single-unit devices. In this invited review, we have firstly described fundamental concepts of tandem device architectures and their use in WOLEDs. Then, we have summarized the state-of-the-art strategies to achieve high-performance tandem WOLEDs in recent years. Specifically, we have highlighted the developments in the four types of tandem WOLEDs (i.e., tandem fluorescent WOLEDs, tandem phosphorescent WOLEDs, tandem thermally activated delayed fluorescent WOLEDs, and tandem hybrid WOLEDs). Furthermore, we have introduced doping-free tandem WOLEDs. In the end, we have given an outlook for the future development of tandem WOLEDs